81001-450-53-R A-B高壓變頻器模塊

I.中央處理單元(CPU)

中央處理單元(CPU)是PLC的控制中樞。它按照PLC系統(tǒng)程序賦予的功能接收并存儲從編程器輸入的用戶程序和數(shù)據(jù)，檢查電源、存儲器、VO以及警戒定時器的狀態(tài)，并能診斷用戶程序中的語法錯誤:當(dāng)PLC投入運(yùn)行時，首先它以掃描的方式接收現(xiàn)場各輸入裝置的狀態(tài)和數(shù)據(jù)，并分別存入IO映像區(qū)，然后從用戶程序存儲器中逐條讀取用戶程序，經(jīng)過命令解釋后，按指令的規(guī)定將邏輯或算術(shù)運(yùn)算的結(jié)果送入Vo映像區(qū)或數(shù)據(jù)寄存器內(nèi)。等所有的用戶程序執(zhí)行完畢之后，最后將1/O映像區(qū)的各輸出狀態(tài)或輸出寄存器內(nèi)的數(shù)據(jù)傳送到相應(yīng)的輸出裝置，如此循環(huán)運(yùn)行，直到停止運(yùn)行為止。為了進(jìn)一步提高PLC的可靠性，近年來對大型PLC還采用雙CPU構(gòu)成冗余系統(tǒng)，或采用三CPU的表決式系統(tǒng)。這樣，即使某個CPU出現(xiàn)故障，整個系統(tǒng)仍能正常運(yùn)行。

81001-450-53-R

存儲器

存放系統(tǒng)軟件的存儲器稱為系統(tǒng)程序存儲器。
(1) PLC常用的存儲器類型。
1) RAM (Random Assess Memory)。這是-一種讀/寫存儲器(隨機(jī)存儲器)其存取速度最快，由鏗電池支持。
2) EPROM (Erasable Progranmable Read Only Memory)。這是一種可擦除的只讀存儲
器在斷電情況下存儲器內(nèi)的所有內(nèi)容保持不變(在紫外線連續(xù)照射下可擦除存儲器內(nèi)容)。
3) EPROM (Electrical Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory)。這是一種電可擦除的只讀存儲器。使用編程器就能很容易地對其所存儲的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行修改。
(2) PLC存儲空間的分配。雖然各種PLC的CPU的最大尋址空間各不相同，但是根
據(jù)PLC的工作原理其存儲空間一般包括以下三個區(qū)域:系統(tǒng)程序存儲區(qū)、系統(tǒng)RAM存儲
區(qū)(包括I/O映像區(qū)和系統(tǒng)軟設(shè)備等)、用戶程序存儲區(qū)。
1)系統(tǒng)程序存儲區(qū)。在系統(tǒng)程序存儲區(qū)中存放著相當(dāng)于計算機(jī)操作系統(tǒng)的系統(tǒng)程序，
包括監(jiān)控程序、管理程序、命令解釋程序、功能子程序、系統(tǒng)診斷子程序等。由制造廠商
將其固化在EPROM中，用戶不能直接存取。它和硬件一起決定了 該P(yáng)LC的性能。
2)系統(tǒng)RAM存儲區(qū)。系統(tǒng)RAM存儲區(qū)包括I/O映像區(qū)以及各類軟設(shè)備，如:邏輯
線圈、數(shù)據(jù)寄存器、計時器、計數(shù)器、變址寄存器、累加器等存儲器。

CDI是能源行業(yè)工業(yè)自動化系統(tǒng)的領(lǐng)先供應(yīng)商，SENSYS開發(fā)并銷售用于實時數(shù)據(jù)管理的高級軟件解決方案。CDI的IntelliMAX產(chǎn)品的最初應(yīng)用將是CDI為墨西哥灣的主要海上生產(chǎn)設(shè)施設(shè)計和建造的液壓修井裝置的控制系統(tǒng)。CDI總裁Van Wilson說:“我們選擇SENSYS的IntelliMAX是因為它的技術(shù)領(lǐng)先于其他人機(jī)界面。“IntelliMAX顯然是為高性能和高完整性而設(shè)計的，這正是我們的石油和天然氣客戶所需要的。IntelliMAX附帶了一整套基于OPC的接口，無需額外開發(fā)即可使用。產(chǎn)品的可擴(kuò)展性也是我們做出決定的一個因素，因為我們的客戶需要能夠根據(jù)需要隨時輕松擴(kuò)展的系統(tǒng)?！盨ENSYS總裁Sohail Qadir表示:“雖然IntelliMAX已經(jīng)在上游和下游應(yīng)用中使用，但CDI的先進(jìn)交鑰匙解決方案為IntelliMAX提供了新的市場機(jī)遇?！拔覀兣cCDI的合作伙伴關(guān)系為我們的客戶提供了獲得系統(tǒng)集成和咨詢服務(wù)的選擇，以確保他們項目的成功。我們很高興CDI成為IntelliMAX的增值經(jīng)銷商?！标P(guān)于控制動力國際公司CD公司于1991年在德克薩斯州休斯頓成立，現(xiàn)已發(fā)展成為公認(rèn)的行業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，為碳?xì)浠衔锕?yīng)鏈的所有環(huán)節(jié)設(shè)計和實施一些最大、最先進(jìn)的控制解決方案；上游、中游和下游。CDI已經(jīng)在全球完成了1000多個過程控制項目，包括分布式控制系統(tǒng)(DCS)、可編程邏輯控制器(PLC)和混合分布式控制系統(tǒng)。CDI雇傭持有電氣工程、計算機(jī)科學(xué)和化學(xué)工程學(xué)位的注冊專業(yè)工程師(PE)和項目管理專家(PMP)。作為ISO 9001:2000認(rèn)證公司，CDI項目方法涵蓋所有項目階段，包括設(shè)計、生命周期成本分析、系統(tǒng)和設(shè)備選擇、軟件開發(fā)、質(zhì)量控制程序和支持業(yè)務(wù)流程。

81001-450-53-R

81001-450-53-R A-B high voltage inverter module

I. Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The central processing unit (CPU) is the control center of the PLC. It receives and receives according to the function given by the PLC system program

Store user programs and data input from the programmer, check the status of power, memory, VO, and alert timer,

And can diagnose the syntax errors in the user program: when the PLC is put into operation, it first receives the field input by scanning

The state and data of the device are stored separately in the IO image area, and then the user program is read from the user program memory one by one

After the command interpretation, the results of logic or arithmetic operations are sent to the Vo map area or data store according to the instructions

It’s in the organ. After all the user programs are executed, the output state or output register in the 1/O image area is finally placed

The data is transmitted to the corresponding output device, and so the cycle runs until it stops running.

In order to further improve the reliability of PLCS, in recent years, dual cpus have also been used to form redundant systems for large PLCS, or

A three-CPU voting system is adopted. In this way, even if one CPU fails, the whole system can still run normally.

2. Memory

The memory that stores the system software is called the system program memory.
(1) PLC commonly used memory types.
1) RAM (Random Assess Memory). This is – a read/write memory (random access memory) with the fastest access speed, supported by the battery.
2) EPROM (Erasable Progranmable Read Only Memory). This is an erasable read-only storage
All contents of the memory remain unchanged in the case of power failure (the contents of the memory can be erased under continuous ultraviolet irradiation).
3) EPROM (Electrical Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory). This is an electrically erasable read-only memory. The contents stored in it can be easily modified using a programmer.
(2) Allocation of PLC storage space. Although the maximum addressing space of the CPU of various PLCS varies, the root
According to the working principle of PLC, its storage space generally includes the following three areas: system program storage area, system RAM storage
Area (including I/O image area and system software device, etc.), user program storage area.
1) System program storage area. In the system program store, the system program equivalent to the computer operating system is stored.
It includes monitoring program, management program, command interpreter, function subroutine, system diagnostic subroutine and so on. By the manufacturer
It is solidified in EPROM and cannot be accessed directly by the user. Together with the hardware, it determines the performance of the PLC.
2) System RAM storage area. The system RAM storage area includes the I/O image area and various software devices, such as logic
Coils, data registers, timers, counters, index registers, accumulators and other memory.

CDI is a leading provider of industrial automation systems for the energy industry, and SENSYS develops and sells advanced software solutions for real-time data management. The initial application of CDI’s IntelliMAX products will be control systems for hydraulic workover units designed and built by CDI for major offshore production facilities in the Gulf of Mexico. Van Wilson, President of CDI, said: “We chose SENSYS ‘IntelliMAX because its technology is ahead of other human-machine interfaces. “IntelliMAX is clearly designed for high performance and high integrity, which is exactly what our oil and gas customers want. IntelliMAX comes with a complete set of OPC-based interfaces that can be used without additional development. The scalability of the product was also a factor in our decision, as our customers require systems that can easily scale at any time as needed.” Sohail Qadir, President of SENSYS, said: “While IntelliMAX is already in use in upstream and downstream applications, CDI’s advanced turnkey solutions offer new market opportunities for IntelliMAX. “Our partnership with CDI gives our customers the option to access systems integration and consulting services to ensure the success of their projects.” We are pleased to have CDI as a value-added reseller for IntelliMAX.” Founded in 1991 in Houston, Texas, CD has grown to become a recognized industry leader in designing and implementing some of the largest and most advanced control solutions for all stages of the hydrocarbon supply chain. Upstream, midstream and downstream. CDI has completed more than 1,000 process control projects worldwide, including distributed control systems (DCS), programmable logic controllers (PLCS), and hybrid distributed control systems. CDI employs registered Professional Engineers (PE) and project management specialists (PMP) with degrees in electrical engineering, computer science and chemical engineering. As an ISO 9001:2000 certified company, CDI’s project approach covers all project phases including design, life cycle cost analysis, system and equipment selection, software development, quality control procedures and supporting business processes.

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